[TV]Widescreen signaling

Wide Screen signaling (WSS) 寬屏幕信號標準

在電視技術中,寬屏幕信號標準(WSS) 是嵌入在類比電視信號的不可見部分中的數字元數據,描述廣播質量,特別是圖像的預期寬高比。 這使得電視廣播公司能夠啟用 4:3 和 16:9 電視機,通過以 full screen, letterbox, widescreen, pillar-box, zoomed letterbox, 等方式顯示以任一格式傳輸的圖像,以最佳方式呈現圖像。

這一發展與寬屏電視和廣播的引入有關,歐盟的 PAL系統(1990 年代中期)、日本的 Clear-Vision系統(1990 年代初)以及 在美國,需要將高清廣播縮減為標清。 WSS 信號的帶寬低,可以錄製在 VHS(當時流行的家庭視頻錄製技術)上。 它是在 Rec 上標準化的。 ITU-R BT.1119-2.[3]

現代數字等效項是活動格式描述,這是一組可以在 MPEG 視頻流中發送的標準代碼,具有類似的長寬比可能性。

 

625 line 系統

對於 625 Line模擬電視系統(如 PAL 或 SECAM),信號位於第 23 行。它以運行代碼開始,啟動代碼後跟 14 位信息,分為四組,如下表所示(基於標準規範 ITU-R BT.1119-2):

Group 1 - Aspect ratio

Bits (0 to 3)

Aspect ratio

Active lines

0000

-

-

0001

Full format 4:3

576

0010

Letterbox 16:9 top

430

0011

-

-

0100

Letterbox 14:9 top

504

0101

-

-

0110

-

-

0111

Full format 14:9 centre shoot and protect 14:9

576

1000

Letterbox 14:9 centre

504

1001

-

-

1010

-

-

1011

Letterbox deeper than 16:9 centre

undefined

1100

-

-

1101

Letterbox 16:9 centre

430

1110

Full format 16:9 anamorphic

576

1111

-

-


注:傳輸的寬高比為 4:3。 在此區域內,14:9 窗口受到保護,其中包含所有相關圖片內容,以允許在 16:9 電視機上進行寬屏顯示。

Group 2 to 4

Bit

Item

Group

4

Camera Mode (interlaced) / PALplus Film Mode (progressive scan)

2 - Enhanced Services

5

Conventional PAL / PALplus Motion Adaptative Colour Plus encoding

6

No Vertical helper / PALplus Vertical helper present

7

Reserved / Ghost cancellation

8

No subtitles / subtitles within teletext

3 - Subtitles

9

No open subtitles / Subtitles in active image area

10

Subtitles out of active image area / Reserved

11

No surround sound / Surround sound mode

4 - Reserved

12

No copyright asserted or status unknown / Copyright asserted

13

Copying not restricted / Copying restricted


525 Line系統

525 Line 類比電視系統(如 NTSC 或 PAL-M)規定使用脈衝來發送寬屏信號和其他參數,隨著 Clear-Vision (EDTV-II) 的開發而引入,這是一種與 NTSC 兼容的日本系統,允許寬屏廣播 . 在這些系統上,信號存在於第 22 行和第 285 行中,其中有 27 個bit,如 IEC 61880 所定義。

下表顯示了基於 Rec 的信號上存在的信息。 ITU-R BT.1119-2(“輔助”信號是 EDTV-II 特定的):

Bit

Item

1

Reference signal

2

Reference signal

3

Aspect ratio (4:3 full format / 16:9 letterbox)

4

Even parity for B3 to B5

5

Reserved

6

Field type (First field / Next field)

7

Frame type (Reference frame / Other frame)

8

Vertical temporal helper (no / yes)

9

Vertical high resolution helper (no / yes)

10

Horizontal helper (no / yes)

11

Horizontal helper pre-combing (no / yes)

12 to 14

For TV station use

15 to 17

Reserved

18 to 23

Error correction codes for B3 to B17

24

Reference signal

25 to 27

Confirmation signal

 

參考資料

  1. APPLICATION NOTE 9716: Widescreen Signaling (WSS). Renesas. 1988.
  2. ^Loncaric, Matej; Tralic, Dijana; Brzica, Maja; Petrovic, Juraj; Grgic, Sonja (September 17, 2009). "Managing mixed HD and SD broadcasting". pp. 79–82 – via IEEE Xplore.
  3. Jump up to:ab c d e f RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1119-2 - WIDE-SCREEN SIGNALLING FOR BROADCASTING (PDF). ITU. 1998.
  4. ^"RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1197-1 Enhanced wide-screen PAL TV transmission system (the PALplus system)" (PDF). itu.int.
  5. ^FUKINUKI, Takahiko. "EDTV".
  6. ^Pollack, Andrew (September 15, 1994). "Japanese Taking to Wide-Screen TV" – via NYTimes.com.
  7. ^ETSI EN 300 294 - Television systems; 625-line television Wide Screen Signalling (WSS) (PDF). ETSI. 2003.
  8. ^Battiato, Farinella, Puglisi (2011). IISFA Member book 2011 - Image/Video Forensics: Casi di Studio (PDF). IISFA. p. 8.
  9. ^"All You Ever Wanted to Know About PALplus but were Afraid to Ask". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
  10. ^"Fluke PM5420 Application Note PALplus" (PDF). assets.fluke.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  11. ^Nakayama, K.; Kojima, T.; Miyaguchi, H.; Sawaragi, T.; Yaguchi, Y. (August 5, 1995). "EDTV-II decoder by SVP2 (the 2nd generation of scan-line video processor)". IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics. 41 (3): 634–642. doi:1109/30.468089 – via IEEE Xplore.
  12. ^"The Journal of the Institute of Television Engineers of Japan". www.jstage.jst.go.jp.
  13. ^AN9716: Widescreen Signaling (WSS). Renesas Electronics Corporation. 1998.
  14. ^RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1298 - Enhanced wide-screen NTSC TV transmission system (PDF). ITU. 1997.
  15. ^Kageyama, Masahiro (2010). Thesis Research on high image quality and high functionality of television (PDF).
  16. ^Jack, Keith; Tsatsoulin, Vladimir (2002-09-11). Dictionary of Video and Television Technology. Gulf Professional Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878707-99-4.

 

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參考來源

https://en.wikipedia.org: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widescreen_signaling