IEEE802.11bf Wi-Fi Sensing 概論

IEEE802.11正在規劃新的Wi-Fi標準,IEEE802.11bf。
該標準由Wi-Fi聯盟以及各家晶片大廠攜手制定中,主要是為了通過Wi-Fi設備來偵測動態事物。

下面這張圖是目前的計畫時間軸,目前預計在2024年中能完成標準。
timeline
802.11bf目前分兩個部分組成
1. 低頻段(sub-7 GHz)
2. 高頻段(60 GHz)

低頻段主要是用來偵測大空間內的運動變化,例如人體在空間的移動。高頻段是用來偵測細微運動變化,例如手指移動或頭部擺動。

下面這張表格是目前IEEE802.11bf小組定義的使用情境(註1)

Room SensingPresence detection, counting the number of people in the room
Motion detection in a roomDetection of motion of in a room (of Human)
Home securityDetection of presence of intruders in a home
Audio with user trackingTracking persons in a room and pointing the sound of an audio system at those people
Store SensingCounting number of people in a store, their location, speed of movement. Accuracy less important
Home Appliance ControlTracking person and motion/ gesture detection
Gesture recognitionIdentification of a gesture from a set of gestures
Aliveliness detectionDetermination whether a close by object is alive or not
Face/Body RecognitionSelection of the identity of a person from a set of known persons
Proximity DetectionDetection of object in close proximity of device
Home Appliance ControlGesture Detection
Health care - Fall detectionFall detection - abnormal position detection
Health case - remote diagnosticsMeasurements of breathing rate, heart rate etc.
Sneeze sensingDetecting and localizing the target human and sneeze droplet volume
In car sensingDriver sleepiness detection/detetion aid


目前已知有有幾間公司攜手與高通合作致力於開發Wi-Fi感知技術,使用Wi-Fi裝置中的CFR(Channel Frequency Response),又稱為CSI(Channel State Information),然後透過自家的專利演算法,使Wi-Fi裝置變為感測器,可用於安全監控、呼吸睡眠偵測、跌倒偵測和室內追蹤。未來標準化後,預計會有更多家公司投入,尤其是新創產業更可以致力於發展各種感知技術。

註1: 11-20-1712-02-00bf-wifi-sensing-use-cases.xlsx

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